$display[defbase]([fmtstr,] {expr,});

$write[defbase] ([fmtstr,] {expr,});

. 

$strobe[defbase] ([fmtstr,] {expr,});

.

$monitor[defbase] ([fmtstr,] {expr,});

. 

$fdisplay[defbase] (fileno, [fmtstr,] {expr,});

. 

$fwrite[defbase] (fileno, [fmtstr,] {expr,});.

$fstrobe(fileno, [fmtstr,] {expr,});

.

$fmonitor(fileno, [fmtstr,] {expr,});

. 

fileno = $fopen("filename");

.

$fclose(fileno);

.

defbase ::= h | b | o

.

$stime "now" as INTEGER

.

$realtime "now" as REAL

.

$scale(hierid) Scale "foreign" time value

.

$printtimescale[(path)] Display time unit & precision

.

$timeformat(unit#, prec#, "unit", minwidth)

.

Set time %t display format

.

ESCAPE SEQUENCES IN FORMAT STRINGS

.

\xxx character as octal value

%% character "%"

%[w.d]e, %[w.d]E display real in scientific form

%[w.d]f, %[w.d]F display real in decimal form

%[w.d]g, %[w.d]G display real in shortest form

%[0]h, %[0]H display in hexadecimal

%[0]d, %[0]D display in decimal

%[0]o, %[0]O display in octal

%[0]b, %[0]B display in binary

%[0]c, %[0]C display as ASCII character

%[0]v, %[0]V display net signal strength

%[0]s, %[0]S display as string

%[0]t, %[0]T display in current time format

%[0]m, %[0]M display hierarchical name

LEXICAL ELEMENTS

.

hierarchical identifier ::= {INSTID .} identifier

.

identifier ::= letter | _ { alphanumeric | $ | _}.

 .

escaped identifer ::= \ {nonwhite}

.

decimal literal ::=

. 

[+|-]integer [. integer] [E|e[+|-] integer]

. 

based literal ::= integer " base {hexdigit | x | z}

.

base ::= b | o | d | .\

. 

comment ::= // comment newline

.

comment block ::= /* comment */

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